使用C++ 将数据导入excel
的有关信息介绍如下:今天的这篇经验和大家聊一聊关于使用C++ 将数据导入excel的问题,希望能够帮助到有需要的朋友。
设置
环境:
Windows7
Microsoft Visual Studio 2010
Microsoft Office Excel 2003
说明:用的公司的电脑,操作系统和软件都是正版的。
新建C++工程
新建自己的C++工程。
添加Excel类库
在工程名上右键,选择Add---Class,选择MFC Class From TypeLib,如图:
然后添加如图的几个类。
修改头文件
进入刚添加进来的几个类头文件中将#import开头的这句注掉
修改提示的错误
将修改过的工程编译一下,出现如下错误:
双击提示,在DialogBox()前加下划线,如图:
添加头文件
在使用导出功能的文件中添加头文件:
使用Excel类库提供的函数将需要导出的数据导出为.xls文件
经过以上几步,现在可以使用Excel类库提供的函数导出数据了。
与网上许多文章相对比一下,导出流程一样。只不过类库函数有所改变。函数名由Get改为get_,Set改为put_。
导出
附录一: 导出Excel格式的简单流程
CFileDialog dlg(FALSE,_T("(*.xls)"),NULL,OFN_HIDEREADONLY |OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT,_T("(*.xls)|*.xls||"),NULL);if (dlg.DoModal() == IDOK){//获取路径CString strFileName=dlg.GetPathName();
COleVariant
covTrue((short)TRUE),
covFalse((short)FALSE),
covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
CApplication0 app;
CWorkbook0 book;
CWorkbooks0 books;
CWorksheet0 sheet;
CWorksheets0 sheets;
CRange0 range;
CFont1 font;
if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application")))
{
MessageBox(_T("Error!"));
}
books = app.get_Workbooks();
book = books.Add(covOptional);
sheets = book.get_Worksheets();
sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));
range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),COleVariant(_T("A1")));
range.put_Value2(COleVariant(_T("hanhan")));
book.SaveCopyAs(COleVariant(strFileName));
book.put_Saved(true);
book.ReleaseDispatch();
books.ReleaseDispatch();
app.Quit();
app.ReleaseDispatch();
}
附录二:将ListCtrl中的数据导出为Excel格式
CString strFile = _T("E:\\Test.xls");
COleVariant
covTrue((short)TRUE),
covFalse((short)FALSE),
covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
CApplication app;
CWorkbooks books;
CWorkbook book;
CWorksheets sheets;
CWorksheet sheet;
CRange range;
CFont0 font;
if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application")))
{
MessageBox(_T("创建失败!"));
return;
}
//Get a new workbook.
books = app.get_Workbooks();
book = books.Add(covOptional);
sheets = book.get_Worksheets();
sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));
////////////////////////////////////CListCtrl控件report风格//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CHeaderCtrl *pmyHeaderCtrl;
pmyHeaderCtrl = m_clcData.GetHeaderCtrl();//此句取得CListCtrl控件的列表頭
int iRow,iCol;
int m_cols = pmyHeaderCtrl-> GetItemCount();
int m_rows = m_clcData.GetItemCount();
HDITEM hdi;
TCHAR lpBuffer;
bool fFound = false;
hdi.mask = HDI_TEXT;
hdi.pszText = lpBuffer;
hdi.cchTextMax = 256;
CString colname;
CString strTemp;
for(iCol=0; iCol { GetCellName(1 ,iCol + 1, colname); range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(colname),COleVariant(colname)); pmyHeaderCtrl-> GetItem(iCol, &hdi); range.put_Value2(COleVariant(hdi.pszText)); int nWidth = m_clcData.GetColumnWidth(iCol)/6; //得到第iCol+1列 range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(_variant_t((long)(iCol+1)),vtMissing).pdispVal,true); //设置列宽 range.put_ColumnWidth(_variant_t((long)nWidth)); } range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A1 ")), COleVariant(colname)); range.put_RowHeight(_variant_t((long)50));//设置行的高度 font = range.get_Font(); font.put_Bold(covTrue); range.put_VerticalAlignment(COleVariant((short)-4108));//xlVAlignCenter = -4108 COleSafeArray saRet; DWORD numElements[]={m_rows,m_cols}; //5x2 element array saRet.Create(VT_BSTR, 2, numElements); range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A2 ")),covOptional); range = range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)m_rows),COleVariant((short)m_cols)); long index; range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A2 ")),covOptional); range = range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)m_rows),COleVariant((short)m_cols)); for ( iRow = 1; iRow <= m_rows; iRow++)//将列表内容写入EXCEL { for ( iCol = 1; iCol <= m_cols; iCol++) { index=iRow-1; index=iCol-1; CString szTemp; szTemp=m_clcData.GetItemText(iRow-1,iCol-1); BSTR bstr = szTemp.AllocSysString(); saRet.PutElement(index,bstr); SysFreeString(bstr); } } range.put_Value2(COleVariant(saRet)); // Cnterior cellinterior; // range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A1 ")),covOptional); // range = range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)1),COleVariant((short)m_cols)); // books = range.get_Interior(); // cellinterior.AttachDispatch(books); // cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)37));//设置EXCEL头一行的背景颜色 // for( iRow=1; iRow <= m_rows; iRow++)//设置EXCEL其余的背景颜色(颜色交替变换) // { // int state=iRow%2; // CString index; // index.Format( _T("A%d "),iRow+1); // range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(index),covOptional); // range = range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)1),COleVariant((short)m_cols)); // books=range.get_Interior(); // cellinterior.AttachDispatch(books); // if(!state) // cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)36)); // else // cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)24)); // } saRet.Detach(); ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// book.SaveCopyAs(COleVariant(strFile)); // cellinterior.ReleaseDispatch(); book.put_Saved(true); book.ReleaseDispatch(); books.ReleaseDispatch(); app.Quit(); app.ReleaseDispatch(); 由于不需要,Excel单元格样式及颜色等属性设置没有做,有兴趣的可以自己去试试。代码中设置的有错。 自己写的一个获取单元头的函数: void GetCellName(int nRow, int nCol, CString &strName) { int nSeed = nCol; CString strRow; char cCell = 'A' + nCol - 1; strName.Format(_T("%c"), cCell); strRow.Format(_T( "%d "), nRow); strName += strRow; } 三、导入 HRESULT hr;hr = CoInitialize(NULL);if(FAILED(hr)){AfxMessageBox(_T("Failed to call Coinitialize()" ));}CFileDialog filedlg(TRUE,L"*.xls",NULL,OFN_HIDEREADONLY|OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT,L"Xls文件 (*.xls)|*.xls"); filedlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle=L"打开文件";CString strFilePath;if (IDOK==filedlg.DoModal()){strFilePath=filedlg.GetPathName();}else{return;}//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////CApplication app;CWorkbook book;CWorkbooks books;CWorksheet sheet;CWorksheets sheets;CRange range;LPDISPATCH lpDisp;//定义变量COleVariant covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR);if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL)){this->MessageBox(_T("无法创建Excel应用"));return;}books = app.get_Workbooks();//打开Excel,其中pathname为Excel表的路径名lpDisp = books.Open(strFilePath,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional);book.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);sheets = book.get_Worksheets();sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));//app.put_Visible(TRUE); //表格可见//app.put_UserControl(FALSE);////获得坐标为(A,1)的单元格/*range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),COleVariant(_T("A1")));*/////获得单元格的内容//COleVariant rValue;rValue =// COleVariant(range.get_Value2());////转换成宽字符//rValue.ChangeType(VT_BSTR);////转换格式,并输出//this->MessageBox(CString(rValue.bstrVal));/*读取Excel表中的多个单元格的值,在listctrl中显示*/COleVariant vResult;//读取已经使用区域的信息,包括已经使用的行数、列数、起始行、起始列range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_UsedRange());range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Rows());//取得已经使用的行数long iRowNum = range.get_Count(); range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Columns());//取得已经使用的列数long iColNum = range.get_Count(); //取得已使用区域的起始行,从1开始long iStartRow = range.get_Row();//取得已使用区域的起始列,从1开始long iStartCol = range.get_Column();for(int i=iStartRow;i<=iRowNum;i++){/*CString strRowName = _T("");strRowName.Format(_T("%d"), i);m_ListCtrl.InsertItem(i-1, strRowName);*/for(int j=iStartCol;j<=iColNum;j++){//读取单元格的值range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_Cells());range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(COleVariant((long)i),COleVariant((long)j)).pdispVal);vResult = range.get_Value2();CString str,stry,strm,strd;SYSTEMTIME st;if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR) //若是字符串{str = vResult.bstrVal;}else if (vResult.vt == VT_R8) //8字节的数字{str.Format(L"%f",vResult.dblVal);}else if(vResult.vt == VT_DATE) //时间格式{VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st);stry.Format(L"%d",st.wYear);strm.Format(L"%d",st.wMonth);strd.Format(L"%d",st.wDay);str = stry+L"-"+strm+L"-"+strd;}else if(vResult.vt == VT_EMPTY) //单元为空{str=L"";}else if (vResult.vt ==VT_I4){str.Format(_T("%ld"), (int)vResult.lVal);}// m_ListCtrl.SetItemText(i-1, j, str);}}/*释放资源*/range.ReleaseDispatch();sheet.ReleaseDispatch();sheets.ReleaseDispatch();book.ReleaseDispatch();books.ReleaseDispatch();app.Quit();app.ReleaseDispatch();